News and Updates

Plummeting fertility rates and ageing societies will see nurseries replaced by nursing homes

Media Release, 18 May 2026

The world is entering an epoch in which baby nurseries will be progressively replaced by nursing homes creating an enormous burden on young workers to generate taxable income to support swelling ranks of the elderly.

This grim forecast has been presented at a global conference on assisted reproduction as countries around the world face alarming falls in total fertility rates.

Speaking at the 2026 Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE) in Beijing, Bangladeshi fertility specialist Professor Nusrat Mahmud said population fertility health was in crisis on multiple fronts primarily from negative effects of climate change, pollutants and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs).

She said there was growing awareness that global warming could negatively influence reproductive health in men and women with links to sperm abnormalities and abnormal ovulation.

Professor Mahmud, a senior consultant in the Division of Reproductive Medicine and Infertility at Birdem General Hospital in Dhaka, said the World Health Organisation projected 250,000 additional deaths from climate sensitive diseases between 2030 and 2050.

She told the ASPIRE Congress the true impacts on human reproductive health through global warming and exposure to environmental and occupational pollutants and EDCs were not fully understood.

But Professor Mahmud particularly highlighted a likely nexus between the “warming world” and pollutants with a sharp decline in male sperm counts along with increasing levels of sperm fragmentation associated with poor embryo development and recurrent miscarriages.

“Evidence suggests sperm counts have fallen by over 50 per cent in the past forty years,” she said. “The average male today may face different fertility challenges to the average male of two generations ago.

“The big question is no longer whether this so called spermageddon is really happening, but why and what can we do about it?

“Ignoring the potential decline in semen quality and its causes can lead to irreversible damage to human and planetary health with trans-generational impacts.”

Total fertility rates across the world are plummeting, particularly in the Asia Pacific region where the number of births has fallen below population replacement levels.

This poses serious social and economic challenges as population age dependency increases and there are fewer young people to support aged care economic demands.

Professor Mahmud has specialised in research on climate change on infertility in the South Asian region.

Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change. It is ranked second in global exposure to elevated temperatures with Dhaka especially singled out for urban heat.

The Birdem Hospital in Dhaka has collaborated with the Emory University in the United States in a study on a decline in semen parameters, including sperm concentration and motility among Bangladeshi men and similar observations in the global community.

“Azoospermia, or total absence of sperm in a man’s ejaculate, has been consistently increasing among Bangladeshi men for the past two decades,” Professor Mahmud said.

“We have done another study with data collected from Pakistan and India and there were higher trends of azoospermia in Bangladeshi men than among their neighbours.

“Male infertility is a complex biological and social phenomenon, and the world must act on the impacts of global warming, environmental pollutants and EDCs.”

Over 3,000 fertility specialists from across the globe attended the ASPIRE Congress in Beijing.

Further information, go to https://www.aspire2026.com

INTERVIEW:

Professor Nusrat Mahmud is available for interview. To arrange, please contact Trevor Gill, ASPIRE Congress Media Relations Tel: (Australia) 61 418 821948 or email lighthousepr@adelaide.on.net

Putting humanity back into the focus of technonatalism in assisted reproduction

Media Release, 11 May 2026

Since the world’s first IVF baby was born almost 50 years ago, assisted reproductive technologies have advanced spectacularly to help millions of infertile couples to achieve their dreams of parenthood.

Yet, despite the power of so-called technonatalism human reproduction is in a negative slide due to a combination of factors including lifestyle and career choices, socio-economic uncertainty and environmental impacts.

A global conference on fertility health in Beijing has heard policies implemented by governments around the world to encourage family building had failed to deliver expected results largely due to generational change in attitudes towards parenthood.

“The fact is many couples are simply saying they have other proprieties beyond children, and delaying the choice to be parents invariably puts them into an age of sub-fertility,” renowned fertility specialist Professor Luca Gianaroli told the 2026 Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE).

“To address the crisis of population decline, the focus must turn to those who are entering their reproductive years through education about fertility health, particularly age-related decline in fertility.

“They are the future and our hope of arresting the collapse in total fertility rates around the world. They are the people who need to make informed choices about their reproductive potential.”

Professor Gianaroli was the founder of the first Italian day surgery clinic dedicated to assisted reproduction. He served as Chairman of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) and is currently Director of Global Educational Programs of the International Federation of Fertility Societies (IFFS).

While assisted reproductive technology has progressed spectacularly, Professor Gianaroli told the ASPIRE Congress that it should not lose its roots as an “art form” centred on human skills and personalised care.

“Assisted reproductive technology will play an increasingly important role driving progress through ongoing research and innovation, contributing to more effective, accessible and affordable care,” he said.

“At the same time, this progress raises relevant questions including the balance between precision and personalisation, and the shift from a counselling-based approach to a more marketing driven sector.

“Reflection on these aspects is important to understand whether assisted reproductive technology has become a merely technical process.

“In order to face challenges risen by technonatalism, it will need to go back to its roots as a true art guided not only by technology, but also by skills, experience and individualised care.”

Professor Gianaroli said many people undertaking treatments for infertility, such as IVF, withdrew after one or two cycles abandoning their hopes of parenthood.

“Patients need to be encouraged to make more informed choices,” he said. “I draw an analogy with a general practitioner prescribing antibiotics to a patient presenting with an infection.

“If the doctor says to take the full course of antibiotics that may take a week or two, invariably the patients will do so to get better.

“Similarly, fertility specialists need to personalise their treatments to individual hopes and expectations of patients and encourage them to keep trying beyond one or two cycles of IVF to achieve success.

“This is not a matter of commercialism. It is going back to our roots in precision and personalisation when people need to undertake a medically assisted journey to parenthood.”

The ASPIRE Congress is being held at the China National Convention Centre in Beijing. More than 3,000 scientists, clinicians, nurses and counsellors in assisted reproduction from around the world are attending the Congress.

For further information, go to https://www.aspire2026.com

Interview

Professor Luca Gianaroli is available for interview. To arrange, please contact Trevor Gill, ASPIRE Congress Media Relations.

Tel: (Australia) 61 418 821948 or email lighthousepr@adelaide.on.net

Call to create minimum standards of cross border reproductive care in the Asia Pacific region

Media Release, 11 May 2026

Cross border reproductive care is a growing global phenomenon allowing people living with infertility to travel to other countries for donor eggs, sperm, surrogacy or IVF treatment.

It provides an avenue to parenthood for couples striving to conceive but who find that fertility treatments are unavailable, illegal or unaffordable at home.

Restrictive legal frameworks, cultural or religious prohibitions, high treatment costs and long waiting lists can present significant barriers for some couples

But because of a diversity of policies, legal architectures and standards, units offering cross border fertility services in the Asia Pacific region face particular challenges. Protecting uniform quality care, reproductive rights of participants and offspring, and patient autonomy in a transparent way while avoiding exploitation are important challenges.

A global conference on fertility health in Beijing has heard an impassioned call to implement minimal standards in cross border reproductive care in the Asia Pacific and beyond.

Speaking at the 2026 Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE), Thai fertility specialist Professor Kamthorn Pruksananonda also highlighted the importance of equitable access to fertility treatment in local populations.

He said equal treatment access problems could arise when destination country resources in assisted reproduction were redirected towards foreign demand (which may have greater capacity to pay) leaving vulnerable local populations under-served.

“People striving for parenthood seek timely, safe, and affordable ways to build families,” Professor Pruksananonda explained. “Protecting reproductive rights and patient autonomy requires strong safeguards.

“The Asia Pacific region is too diverse for a single fertility law,” he said. “But it is not too diverse for interoperable minimum standards that maximise safety and equity of access to treatment while protecting intended parents, surrogates, donors, and children across jurisdictions.

“When well-regulated and ethically conducted, cross-border IVF exemplifies how globalisation serves medicine offering hope without borders and creating families across frontiers.

“In the Asia-Pacific region and beyond, embracing the opportunities of cross-border fertility treatment while conscientiously addressing its challenges affirms a future where infertility becomes a surmountable obstacle rather than an insurmountable barrier.”

Professor Pruksananonda, said the issue was particularly pressing in the Asia Pacific region where fertility rates are plummeting below population replacement levels with severe economic and social consequences.

He said there were some clear advantages of cross border reproductive treatment including:

• expanded access to care;

• higher treatment success rates through treatment by renowned fertility specialists and clinics, advanced technology and opportunities for multiple IVF cycles;

• more affordable treatment even considering travel and accommodation costs;

• enhanced personal autonomy in family building empowering individuals to circumvent restrictive social norms and realise reproductive rights in supportive environments; and

• knowledge exchange among clinics.

“But standards need to evolve to drive continuous improvement in safety, efficacy and quality patient care,” Professor Pruksananonda added.

“This includes necessary safeguards and policy responses to reduce the risk of exploitation, particularly of surrogates, to provide legal certainty on parentage and citizenship, to ensure consistency of clinic standards and continuity of care, and to overcome disparities in access to fertility care.

“Infertility is a health issue. Low fertility is a demographic issue. These issues intersect politically, but the ethical framework must ensure reproductive choice and equitable care.”

Professor Pruksananonda said the strongest assisted reproductive technology systems like those in Australia and New Zealand treat data auditing, reporting of treatment success rates and accreditation of clinics as key elements of patient protection.”

He told the ASPIRE Congress that Thailand was an exemplar in boldly introducing regulatory reform in cross border reproductive care.

“Thailand emerged as a global fertility tourism destination over a decade ago attracting international patients with advanced clinics, liberal laws and low costs,” he said.

“As a result, thousands of foreign patients accessed commercial surrogacy arrangements in Thailand.

“However, in 2014 an Australian couple abandoned a twin with Down Syndrome born to a Thai surrogate sparking international outrage and exposing a lack of legal protections.

“In 2015 Thailand passed comprehensive legislation outlawing commercial surrogacy and restricting altruistic surrogacy to married Thai couples.

“International patients were redirected to other properly regulated jurisdictions that protect the rights of all involved in cross border fertility care while preventing exploitation.

“Thailand is a classic example of regulatory reversal. A country once associated internationally with permissive cross-border arrangements re-centered assisted reproductive technology within a tightly controlled legal structure.

“The result was not the disappearance of demand, but a redistribution of where and how that demand is expressed.”

The ASPIRE Congress is being held at the China National Convention Centre in Beijing. More than 3,000 scientists, clinicians, nurses and counsellors in assisted reproduction from around the world are attending the Congress.

For further information, go to https://www.aspire2026.com

Interview

Professor Kamthorn Pruksananonda is available for interview. To arrange, please contact Trevor Gill, ASPIRE Congress Media Relations.

Tel: (Australia) 61 418 821948 or email lighthousepr@adelaide.on.net

Background

Kamthorn Pruksananonda is Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok. He also leads the university’s Reproductive Medicine Division and the Human Embryonic Stem Cells Research Centre. Professor Pruksananonda played a key role in the drafting and implementation of Thailand’s assisted reproductive technology law and related regulations.

Emotional burden of infertility can undermine lifestyle choices that may help women conceive

Media Release, 10 May 2026

The emotional burden of infertility actively undermines the capacity of many women to make sustained lifestyle changes, including weight loss and physical activity, that can improve their chances of becoming pregnant.

A global conference on assisted reproduction in Beijing heard today that the gap between lifestyle recommendations and action among women suffering the emotional stress of infertility was not a matter of willpower, rather a matter of psychology.

Infertility affects one in every six couples worldwide with the causes equally shared between men and women. Professor Anuja Dokras, an internationally renowned researcher and patient advocate in fertility health, said up to 60 per cent of affected women experience mental health challenges including anger, sadness, isolation, shame and guilt.

“Yet only about 20 per cent of them seek professional psychological support,” she told the 2026 Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE).

“Most of these women internalise blame for their inability to conceive and shame predicts emotional eating and health care avoidance.

“Women seeking fertility treatment show significantly higher levels of anxiety, depression and psychiatric disorders than men, and the severity of these conditions is influenced by the cause and duration of infertility, the treatment type and number of failed IVF cycles.”

Professor Dokras is the Executive Director of the Women's Health Centre for Clinical Innovation and the Founder’s Professor of Women’s Health in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. She is also the Director of the PENN Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Centre and specialises in understanding cardiometabolic risk and mental health co-morbidities associated with PCOS.

Professor Dokras said women who were obese or living with metabolic disorders associated with PCOS had significantly lower chances of conceiving than their healthy counterparts.

“In women with PCOS visible symptoms, including hirsutism and weight gain, intensify the dynamics of weight stigma with increased prevalence of disordered eating, anxiety and depression.

“Critically, the clinical encounter itself can reinforce barriers when lifestyle advice is delivered through a weight-centric lens without psychological scaffolding.

“A weight-centric consultation approach is perceived as stigmatising and counterproductive. Clinicians should speak the language of self-care, not weight targets.”

Professor Dokras said evidence-based, integrated lifestyle and psychological support was vital in helping women to overcome barriers to better outcomes in fertility treatment.

“Evidence from randomised controlled trials supports the integration of cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness-based interventions alongside lifestyle programs,” she explained.

“They demonstrate significant reductions in depression, anxiety and infertility-specific distress as well as improved quality of life.

“Effective support requires reframing lifestyle change as self-care, screening routinely for psychological distress throughout the treatment cycle, avoiding stigmatising language, and embedding mental health provision within fertility services as standard practice.”

Around 3,000 specialists in fertility health – including scientists, clinicians, nurses and counsellors – are attending the ASPIRE Congress at the China National Convention Centre in Beijing.

For further information, go to https://www.aspire2026.com

Interview

Professor Anuja Dokras is available for interview.

To arrange, please contact Trevor Gill, ASPIRE Congress Media Relations.

Tel: (Australia) 61 418 821948 or email lighthousepr@adelaide.on.net

Breaking the chain of stigma, shame and blame associated with infertility in some societies

Media Release, 10 May 2026

Assisted reproductive treatments, such as IVF, will not solve the stigma of infertility when families continue to treat the condition as a moral failure.

This is particularly the case in societies where fertility treatments are viewed with suspicion, myths and taboos that generate feelings of shame and guilt among those struggling to conceive.

Stigma associated with IVF and barriers to treatment has come under the spotlight at the 2026 Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE) in Beijing.

Pakistani fertility specialist, Professor Yousaf Latif Khan, said infertility in that country affected over 20 per cent of reproductive age married couples, substantially above many general global estimates.

Infertility is defined as the failure to conceive after a year of unprotected intercourse, or the inability to carry pregnancies to a live birth. The causes of infertility are equally shared between male and female partners.

However, Professor Khan said in Pakistan there was disproportionate blame on women when there were conception issues.

“Women bear the brunt of infertility in most social settings, even where the cause may be male, female, combined or unexplained,” he said.

“Childbearing in Pakistan is strongly linked with marital stability, womanhood, family continuity and old age security.

“Delayed conception after marriage may trigger pressure long before the technical clinical threshold is reached.

“Secondary infertility, where a woman is unable to conceive after one previous childbirth, carries unique stigma because families may expect additional children, especially sons.”

Yousaf Latif Khan is Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the Rashid Latif Medical College in Lahore.

He said Pakistan’s infertility challenge was a systems problem while cost, misconceptions and misinformation about fertility treatment often reduce timely access to care.

“A clinically defined condition can become a household-level crisis and a primary site of suffering under certain social expectations,” he explained.

“Stigma is a chain of interpretation, blame, isolation and coercion. Interventions must break the chain at multiple points combining improved public awareness, clinical capacity, affordability, legal clarity, counselling and data monitoring into one reproductive health strategy.

“Delayed medical care increases cost, reduces trust and allows misinformation to fill the gap left by formal services. Out-of-pocket IVF costs also create inequity where reproductive hope becomes available primarily to higher-income households.

“Additionally, lack of professional counselling can convert a treatable reproductive issue into marital conflict and family breakdown.

“Pakistan has clinical capability but lacks integrated policy architecture in fertility health care. The main constraint is not absence of IVF knowledge. It is access, trust, governance and social acceptance.

“Importantly, medical treatment alone will not solve stigma if families and societies continue to treat infertility as moral failure.”

Around 3,000 specialists in fertility health – including scientists, clinicians, nurses and counsellors – are attending the ASPIRE Congress at the China National Convention Centre in Beijing.

For further information, go to https://www.aspire2026.com

Interview

Professor Yousaf Latif Khan is available for interview.

To arrange, please contact Trevor Gill, ASPIRE Congress Media Relations.

Tel: (Australia) 61 418 821948 or email lighthousepr@adelaide.on.net

Study pinpoints 45 years as the critical threshold for a significant downturn in male fertility

Media Release, 10 May 2026

Forty-five years has been identified as the critical age threshold at which elevated sperm DNA fragmentation significantly reduces fertility potential in men.

High levels of DNA fragmentation, defined as a breakdown of genetic material inside sperm cells, make it harder for sperm to fertilise an egg with other potential adverse outcomes including impaired embryo development and higher miscarriage rates.

Advanced age is an established risk factor for elevated sperm DNA fragmentation with existing studies suggesting a gradual rise as men get older, but the specific age at which it exceeds the clinical brink has been poorly defined.

However, new research being presented at the 2026 Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE) in Beijing has revealed the age group in which the high-risk threshold is crossed.

Clinical embryologist Ms Yixin Seow said 45 to 49-year-old men had been identified as the age group when a significant rise in sperm DNA fragmentation occurs compared to all younger cohorts.

Her research team conducted a retrospective analysis of sperm DNA fragmentation records at a major Malaysian fertility centre with 249 subjects stratified into five age groups from 30 years to 50-plus years.

“The outcome confirmed gradual increases in DNA fragmentation across the age groups, but most noticeably from age 45, after which it plateaus with minimal further increase in men over the age of 50,” Ms Seow said.

“While larger prospective studies are warranted, our research has clearly shown the age group where there is marked downturn in fertility potential.

“We recommend counselling of patients participating in assisted reproductive technology about the potential impact of advancing male age on likely success of conception and ongoing pregnancy

“Additionally, men aged 45-plus should consider sperm DNA fragmentation testing.”

Infertility affects one in every six couples around the world. It is defined as the failure to conceive after a year of unprotected intercourse, or the inability to carry pregnancies to a live birth. The causes of infertility are equally shared between male and female partners.

The ASPIRE Congress at the China National Convention Centre in Beijing has attracted almost 3,000 scientists, clinicians, nurses and counsellors specialising in assisted reproduction.

It has cast a global spotlight on fertility health in the Asia Pacific region which, like other parts of the world, is experiencing a disturbing downturn in fertility rates.

ASPIRE is a unique Asia Pacific taskforce of specialists in the management of fertility and assisted reproductive technology, and it is dedicated to advancing access to quality treatment for those experiencing infertility across the region.

For further information on the ASPIRE 2026 Congress, go to https://www.aspire2026.com

Interview

Ms Yixin Seow is available for interview.

To arrange, please contact Trevor Gill, ASPIRE Congress Media Relations.

Tel: (Australia) 61 418 821948 or email lighthousepr@adelaide.on.net